View Origin and Insertion points as a layer map Origin and Insertion points are available as a layer of the Skeletal System, which show a map of all attachment points across the full skeleton. Pectoralis minor muscle:This muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and arises from 3rd-5th costals sternal ends and its associated fascia (connective tissue surrounding a muscle group). Sample Decks: Muscles Actions, Origins, and Insertions of the Pelvic Complex and Hip (week 5), The Structure of The Knee Joint (week 6), The Foot and Ankle (week 6) Show Class. It acts as a lateral rotator and a weak adductor of the shoulder. Origin: Ischial tuberosity Muscles of the shoulder and upper limb can be divided into four groups: muscles that stabilize and position the pectoral girdle, muscles that move the arm, muscles that move the forearm, and muscles that move the wrists, hands, and fingers. [3] Origin and Insertion Kinesiological Analysis: Description & Major Components, Massage Therapy Scope of Practice | Overview, Purpose & Manipulation. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. Muscles involved in chewing must be able to exert enough pressure to bite through and then chew food before it is swallowed (Figure 11.4.4 and Table 11.4). This compartment is posterior in anatomical position. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. Get your muscle charts below. The muscle acts to supinate the forearm and forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa. The hand is truly the epitome of anatomical complexity. Action: external rotator of the thigh As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Pronator quadratus muscle:In the deepest layer of the forearm is the pronator quadratus, which is found connecting the radius (insertion) and ulna (origin) at their distal points like a strap. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. The closer we move to the hand the more muscles we begin to have, as our movements require finer and finer gradations. Origin: from the ischium of the pelvis Insertion: the tibia of the lower leg. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. It pronates the radius and is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Differentiate between origin and insertion, as well as proximal and distal, Explain how agonists, antagonists and synergists work together to control muscle movement. MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NOTES MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 . It is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. inserion: medial border of scapula Origin: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) Insertion: Extensor hood on radial side (lateral bands) Function: Flex MCP joint and extend PIP joint Innervation. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. Extensor indicis proprius muscle:This muscle arises from the posterior distal 3rd of the ulna and interosseous membrane and inserts onto the middle and distal phalanx of the index finger. This muscle also modulates the movement of the deltoid like the other rotator cuff muscles. Find it on your own body if you can. It inserts onto the spine of the scapula, acromion, and lateral third of the clavicle. The dorsal interossei cause abduction of the fingers and the palmar interossei cause adduction of the fingers. These muscles can extend the head, laterally flex it, and rotate it (Figure 11.4.8). In that manner of speaking, this article will explain all the anatomical aspects of the muscles of the scapula, arm, forearm and hand. The nerve supply comes from the upper and lower subscapular. This muscle allows you to whistle, blow, and suck; and it contributes to the action of chewing. It inserts onto the crest of greater tubercle of the humerus. The muscle has a frontal belly and an occipital belly (near the occipital bone on the posterior part of the skull). A FOSH may fracture the bone. Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. insertion: top of scapula The abductor digiti minimi arises from the pisiform, pisohamate ligament, and flexor retinaculum. It acts to support the extensor digitorum muscle in extending the index finger and wrist. Because of its mobility, the tongue facilitates complex speech patterns and sounds. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. Author: Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. Finally, the scalene muscles work together to flex, laterally flex, and rotate the head. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! It divides and allows the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to pass through at Campers chiasm (tendon split). EKG Rhythms | ECG Heart Rhythms Explained - Comprehensive NCLEX Review, Simple Anatomy Quiz Most Nurses Get WRONG! It consists mainly of type 2a fibers and provides power and endurance to elbow extension. When the whole muscle acts as a unit it acts as a medial rotator and adductor the arm at the shoulder. flashcard sets. It arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the radial styloid process. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). This system reflects the bones of the skeleton system, which are also arranged in this manner. These are innervated by the ulnar nerve. The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. Muscles of Face ----- skull----- skin of face----- facial expression Orbicularis oculi frontal and maxilla & tissue of eyelid closes eye ligaments around orbit Place your finger on your eyebrows at the point of the bridge of the nose. It passes laterally to insert onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus. The medial head arises from the posterior surface of the humerus below the radial groove. Let's take a look at an example. Muscle Mnemonics. The muscles of the anterior neck are arranged to facilitate swallowing and speech. The particular movement is a direct result of the muscle attachment. For example, the brachialis is a synergist of the biceps brachii during forearm flexion. To easily remember the three origins of the deltoid, use the mnemonic provided below. It blends into the thoracolumbar fascia, which acts to stabilize the sacroiliac joints along with the gluteus maximus muscles. The rotator cuff is formed by four muscles, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist, and radial deviation when it acts with extensor carpi radialis. Hip Muscles | Anatomy, Support & Movement, Pectoralis Major Action, Function, Insertion & Origin, Erector Spinae Action, Origin & Insertion | Iliocostalis, Longissimus & Spinalis, Teres Major Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Teres Major Location, Multifidus Muscle | Origin, Insertion & Action, Pectoralis Minor | Origin, Action & Insertion, Establishing Boundaries in Massage Therapy, Deltoid Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Deltoid Muscle Function. John has taught college science courses face-to-face and online since 1994 and has a doctorate in physiology. 0% 0:00.0 The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. 2009. 1. Muscle: Abductor pollicis longus - Origin: - Posterior surfaces of radius and ulna - Interosseous membrane - Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal - Action: - Radial deviation of wrist - Abduction of thumb at CMC joint - Nerve Supply: Deep branch of radial nerve. Here I discuss an alternative way to learn muscles and their origin(s), insertion(s), and action(s).Key Takeaways. The lower fibersare responsible forelevation and depression. Working together enhances a particular movement. Weve created muscle anatomy charts for every muscle containing region of the body: Each chart groups the muscles of that region into its component groups, making your revision a million times easier. You walk Shorter to a street Corner. The segmental muscles include the interspinales and intertransversarii. Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. The hand (manual region) is the terminal end and focus of the upper limb. The sternocleidomastoid divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. Click the card to flip . Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. The brachialis originates on the humerus, and it inserts on the front of the ulna. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist and ulnar deviation when its acts with extensor carpi ulnaris. It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. When a movement is repeated over time, the brain creates a long-term muscle memory for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed with little to no conscious . In anatomical terminology, chewing is called mastication. An easy way to remember this little fact is to keep in mind the following mnemonic. Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System, Chapter 12. The biceps brachii is the agonist in forearm flexion. Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is flexed. The two bellies are connected by a broad tendon called the epicranial aponeurosis, or galea aponeurosis (galea = apple). Semispinalis capitis: Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the hand with the following quiz. Our muscle anatomy charts make it easier by listing them clearly and concisely. It also has a role in stabilizing the humerus and part of the rotator cuff of four muscles. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Let's take a look at forearm flexion and identify the roles of the different muscles involved. The flexor pollicis brevis acts to flex the thumb at the 1st MP joint and is innervated by the median nerve. This injury is commonly called baseball finger. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Agonists and antagonists are always functional opposites. These final muscles make up your calf. Avascular necrosis of the proximal segment is a common complication. L: lateral two lumbricals. 3 in extensor compartment of arm: 3 heads of triceps (long, medial, lateral), 3 thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis (+adductor pollicis), 3 hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minmi (+palmaris brevis), 3 metacarpal muscles: dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals, 3 abductors of digits: dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, Flexor carpi radialis muscle (cross-sectional view) -National Library of Medicine, Superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis muscle (ventral view) -Yousun Koh, Lumbrical muscles of the hand (ventral view) -Yousun Koh. Rhomboid minor muscle:This is a smaller muscle with the same shape as the rhomboid major and lies above it. The origin is the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction, while the insertion is the attachment site that does move when the muscle contracts. #shorts #anatomy. The nerve supply is from the long thoracic nerve, which arises from the C5, C6, and C7 nerve roots. It acts to pronate the forearm and weakly flex the elbow. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge! Although the tongue is obviously important for tasting food, it is also necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech (Figure 11.4.5 and Figure 11.4.6). The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. By looking at all of the upper limbs components separately we can appreciate and compartmentalize the information, then later view the upper limb as a whole and understand how all of its parts work in unison. It controls extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column, and maintains the lumbar curve. The spinalis group includes the spinalis capitis, the spinalis cervicis, and the spinalis thoracis. The geniohyoid depresses the mandible in addition to raising and pulling the hyoid bone anteriorly. Generally the muscles in the same compartment insert into the same bone. The styloglossus originates on the styloid process of the temporal bone, and allows upward and backward motion. (Superior part: Anterior surface of superior angle. The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. The origin is the fixed attachment, while the insertion moves with contraction. The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and articulates with the radius at the wrist. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. They arise from the metacarpal bones and insert into the extensor hoods of each finger. 'Rule of 3s' and 'Busy BeesCollaBorate well'. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle:This muscle is located in the intermediate layer and has two heads. A: abductor pollicis brevis. Supraspinatus muscle: This rotator cuff muscle is deep and originates from the supraspinous fossa which is located on the posterior superior portion of the scapula. Rather, antagonist contraction controls the movement by slowing it down and making it smooth. The first describes action in terms of the bone to which the muscle is attached or the appendage that is moved. Flexor carpi muscles: In the superficial layer of the forearm is where we find flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris. The latissimus dorsi is a large back muscle responsible for the bulk of adduction of the arm (pulling the arm to the sides of . Facial muscles are different in that they create facial movements and expressions by pulling on the skinno bone movements are involved. Origin: Inferior angle of scapula. It is innervated by the medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves. Definition. As a result it acts as a flexor, extensor, and abductor of the shoulder. Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! This complete MBLEx prep course covers all sections of the FSMTB Massage & Bodywork Licensing Exam, and includes full MBLEx practice tests and quizzes. Most of these movements are realized when we run. This happens due to overuse, such as with a competitive swimmer or shotput thrower. A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. It commonly follows a FOSH. Muscle origins and insertions dictate the type of movement that occurs when a muscle contracts. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. Hamstring Anatomy Mnemonics - Origin, Insertion, Innervation & Action No views Aug 11, 2022 0 Dislike Share Save Memorize Medical 125 subscribers Easy ways to learn and remember the. The clavicular head arises from the medial two thirds of the inferior surface of the clavicle. Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. The upper limb(upper extremity) is truly a complex part of human anatomy. In addition, you might want to watch our anatomy and physiology lectures on YouTube, or check our anatomy and physiology notes. Supraspinatus tears result in inability to initiate shoulder abduction. The Tissue Level of Organization, Chapter 6. Winged scapula is caused by an injury to the long thoracic nerve. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. Insertion: Medial proximal condyle of tibia Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal tibia Insertion: First metatarsal and first cuneiform Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, Origin: Condyles of femur Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, Origin:Posterior, proximal tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot, Origin: Head and shaft of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: First metatarsal, first cuneiform Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot, Origin: Lateral COndyle of tibia, shaft of fibula Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges of second through fifth digits Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot, Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Elevates ribs (increases volume in thorax), Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax), Origin: Posterior occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 Insertion: Clavicle, Acromion process, and spine of scapula Action: Extends and abducts head, rotates and adducts scapula, fixes scapula, Origin: Spines of T2-5 Insertion: Lower one-third of vertebral border of scapula Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, Spines C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula at scapular spine Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Galea aponeurotica Insertion: Skin superior to orbit Action: Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly, Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth Insertion: Skin of lips Action: Closes lips, Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit Insertion: Skin of eyelid Action: Closes eyelid, Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Temporal fossa Insertion: coronoid process and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Sternum, clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal Action: Abducts, rotates, and flexes head, Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula Action: Abducts scapula (moves scapula away from spinal column), Origin: Bottom of rib cage, Crest of pubis, symphysis pubis Insertion: xiphoid process, Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest, pubis Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest Insertion: Linea alba, ribs 10-12 Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: the inner surface of the 7th to 12th costal cartilages, the thoracolumbar fascia, the iliac crest horizontally, and the inguinal ligament Insertion: linea alba Action: support for the abdominal wall, directly on top of the sciatic nerve
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