For now lets just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. More than fifty (52.0%) of Hill Dalits, 47.0% of the Tarai Dalits, 48.0% of the Muslims and 30 percent of the Hill Adivasi Janajatis have never been to school. [6], The earliest detailed record of the caste system in Nepal has been found in Kathmandu Valley from the 5th century CE during the Licchavi period (400-750 CE) with mentions of the presence of Brahmans (Vedic priests) and Chandala (untouchables). Madhusudan Subedi. The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A Study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 1979. They are descended from old warriors of Khas Kingdom. Brahmins and Chhetri are often landowners. Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." They also believe in ghosts and demons that haunt the crossroads and rivers. Nwaran: Everything about Naming Ceremony in Nepal, Susssssssss!!!!! 38,193. There is a belief that people from the same Gotra descended from a common ancestor. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. [5], The ancient tribes living around the northern territory of modern Nepal seem to have been less influenced by the fourfold Varna system of Hinduism. There has been a long debate in the literature over whether the caste system is a unique social phenomenon or simply one manifestation of . One's caste traditionally determined the person's line of work, . Transliteration: Shauryam Tejo Dhritirdakshyam Yuddhe Chapyapalayanam. Nepal is a landlocked, mountainous country located between India and Tibet. In terms of ethnicity/caste, 48.4% were Chhetri, 11.5% Kami, 11.4% Hill Brahmin, 7.3% Damai/Dholi, . They are considered the largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per the 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per the 2011 Nepal census. 10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4672. 46, No. . Nepal's "unifier," Prithvi Narayan Shah, once called Nepal "a garden of four varnas (castes) and 36 sub-castes . It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. Dewali Puja is common among Bahuns too. Most surnames in Atri Gotra includes Arjel/ Arjyal, Bhatta, Chapagain, Khatiwoda, Ojha, Wosti, Gotama, Bam (Rakse Thakuri), Mishra, Adhikari. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). Between India & Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. In front of the house and sometimes on the floor of the room inside the house wonderful colorful pictures are created with the help of colorful sand or dyed rice flour, colored beans and flower petals as an invitation to the holy deities to the house. 25 Feb/23. A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. While Kshetri . Nowadays, however, the age of marriage to the late teenage period or even twenty-several years has been raised in both caste. [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris. The Chhetri are divided into many descent groups with names variously associated with place-names in the Karnali region or representing occupations. He cursed Yama with mortality. Classical dance, which happened in Nepal, is completely based on ancient culture and is founded for a . The most important part of the ceremony is kanyadan, the ritual of handing the bride over to the bridegroom in the hands of the groom. Different surnames in Angiras gotra are Joshi, Shahi, Sedhai. Folk dance makes the dancers move his/her body as per his/her wish. [13] Caste prejudice is far less prevalent in cities nowadays, although nothing has changed in rural regions. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. Most Kshetri families give goat sacrifices on either Maha Ashtami day or Maha Nawami day of Dashain festival. In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . It is a form of millennium old ancient worship continued till date. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. Though Nepal is a small country, it comprises various types of traditional dance. Often, however, also unrelated persons, including strangers, are entitled to the same terms. Traditional caste barriers have been broken down as a result of such social mobility. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. Tools. If these major three communities (upper-caste Khas (Bahun & Chhetri) and upper-caste Newars (Shresthas) or the 'BCN' combine their shares in the Government of Nepal, civil service employment is 89.2% in 1991. Dhananjaya gotra came from a Hindu Rishi Dhananjaya. People of the Khas group as well as children conceived from the relationships of Brahmin men and Khas women were named Khatri, after which they obtained the status of Chhetri. The Dalits who constitute 12.8 percent of the total population of the country have no representation in the higher echelons of power' (Gurung, H. 2006). Holmberg, David. [17] Abhiman Singh Basnyat of Basnyat dynasty and Damodar Pande of Pande dynasty were both members of Chhetri caste. Before we delve into the list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal, lets find out what each term means in Hindu culture. Acharya > Bahun > Kaudinya (Purbiya) 2. Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. Stiller, L. F. (1993). Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. The most ambitious and powerful among the Chhetris, the Khas kings began to further claim a new caste where they merged with the Magar kings of Gandaki region to form a royal hybrid Thakuri caste. Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. Returning home formally is considered a woman, a member of the caste. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. Their simple, primitively decorated houses are an expression of the lack of artistic inspiration, although it is common knowledge that Brahmins like to dance and they know how. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. Most surnames under Atreya Gotra includes Dawadi, Paudel, Rosyara, Sigdel, Sharma, Thapa, Bhatta, Duwadi, Aryal, Devkota, Dulal, Kalikote, Khadka, Pokharel. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. The Bhardwaj gotra came from him. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. We welcome. Boys usually tend to the animals. Surnames under this gotra are Dumadi, Rai, Nirbansi, Rayal, Alina, Bhatta. It should be noted here that the Bahun-Chhetri who belong to Caucasian race have been the dominant ruling caste group in Nepal for the last two and half centuries (Bhattachan, Hemchuri, . Terai and Newar Brahmins and Kshatriyas were officially placed below their Khas equivalents. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. Most of the Newar are Hindus, but some practice an Indian form of Buddhism. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. [6], According to 2011 Nepal census, Kshetri stands as the most populous group in Nepal with 16.6% of Nepal's population (or 43,98,053 peoples). They speak Newahi, a Tibeto-Burman language that has borrowed many words from Sanskrit, Maithili, and . There are also a number of larger towns where the important temples or monasteries are located. The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. The Mahabharata is one of the two major Rabindranath Tagore was born in Calcutta, India into Kirati, Kiranti is an ethnic group with roots Meena Kumari was born with the birth name Adi Shankaracharya united the country with the help of philosophy, poetry and faith, Mahabharata: How Udupi fed the Kurukshetra warriors, Bhaji Aloo Parwal Vegetables with potato and parwal. We may not think about the meaning or significance of our surname, but it can actually tell us a lot about our family history. Chhetri and Newar (BCN) clearly suggests a need for empirical research (Das and Hatlebakk, 2010). The Mahabharat is one of the two major Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. 150. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. They have become major decision makers in the bureaucracy of Nepal has become crystal clear. Not all Khas people have accepted this status, the remaining group of Matvali Chhetris, that is, those who drink liquor and are not the heirs of the sacred legacy. [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. Different surnames are Lohani, Dudh Pokharel, Panthi, Panta, Niraula, Wagle, Pandey, Subedi, Thapaliya, Jamarkattel, Shiwakoti. However, since the unification of Nepal in the 18th century, Nepal's various non-Hindu ethnic nationalities and tribes, previously called "Matwalis" (alcohol-drinkers) and now termed as "Adivasi/Janajati" (indigenous/nationalities), have been incorporated within the caste hierarchy to varying degrees of success.
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