activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". Apr 8, 2020 One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. (i. By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. 0000002507 00000 n !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! Quick Tips. It shows the time required for P U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. 4. d>(ZvO= Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.02:_The_Epicenter,_Focus,_and_Waves" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_Seismology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.05:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_A)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.06:_Hazards_from_Earthquakes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.07:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_B)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.08:_Induced_Seismicity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.09:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_C)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.10:_Student_Responses" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Introduction_to_Physical_Geology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_Earth\'s_Interior" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Topographic_Maps" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_Plate_Tectonics" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_Water" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Climate_Change" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_Matter_and_Minerals" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_Igneous_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Volcanoes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_Sedimentary_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_Metamorphic_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Crustal_Deformation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13:_Earthquakes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "14:_Physiographic_Provinces" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbysa", "authorname:delineharristefend", "program:galileo" ], https://geo.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fgeo.libretexts.org%2FLearning_Objects%2FLaboratory%2FBook%253A_Laboratory_Manual_For_Introductory_Geology_(Deline_Harris_and_Tefend)%2F13%253A_Earthquakes%2F13.04%253A_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Figure 2. 0000006011 00000 n 0000001861 00000 n 0000003966 00000 n Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. Key Facts & Information. Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). earthquake though). Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. American Geosciences Institute. Use this information to complete the following. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. 1. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Copyright 2023. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! 0000002383 00000 n 0000002544 00000 n (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). 3000 miles. The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. located 1,000 miles from the To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. aqmd. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. Three seismographs are needed. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Note the differences in 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. As the drum rotated, the travel 3,000 miles. Details. Download. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. 0000001604 00000 n To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. Also called seismometer. endstream endobj startxref Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. HTn0MmcHCB hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? 9 - 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates.

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