cost of supervising a building project in nigeria

/S /P >> /Pg 20 0 R 260 0 obj /P 464 0 R >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] 3cxC/x #D!?diQR~bV5b/$fJtjJA >%1zUp+}d;! >> Top 5 mega construction projects in Tanzania, Top 4 largest construction projects in Ethiopia. /K 5 /Rotate 0 <> endobj /K 50 >> >> <> endobj }kdnLjaxjcjb?iuO7$~k%j}+elQG"?TZNH=|OeJG>g}H>[X_^j7+n}64&*\]]7.\O^snFf~ZnripmW]H..GGgtkL7)pvLWR} VGpMl%Tr?z}{qL*BnIIPc|tm*X74jdzO''8!|'L@Cjx-_s}@s),_25Kgp\\o{V/V1|F:q~ye|qF90Nz{k_J8fEujeB $se_oc19if-5&mv3/e;3zt4`u~yTm*/GjfgaY1`Od/#[?0Ml;Zb#-:f;|>t>cV|:'f%Rcx]b#]k(mzR^ 220 0 obj . >> /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 40 /S /P /K 7 /Lang (EN-GB) What the Nigerian method of fee calculation can learn from Canada, 2020 Complete List of ARCON Accredited Schools of Architecture in Nigeria, How to Calculate Architects Fees Edition III, How to Calculate Architects Fees Edition II, 8 Clauses That Empower Architects On Construction Sites. stream /Pg 20 0 R /S /P I explain very clearly, up front, to my clients that "Cost" includes all materials, labor, labor overhead, direct job overhead costs, i.e. /Lang (EN-GB) endobj 259 0 obj /Lang (EN-US) iv) Building projects are seen as a major for the social benefit of all and sundry. /Lang (EN-GB) <> >> /K 19 /Lang (EN-GB) 341 0 obj << /Lang (EN-GB) /K 8 endobj %PDF-1.4 /Pg 24 0 R /K 43 Two of the expressways lanes are intended to be exclusively used by theLagos Bus Rapid Transit System. 107 0 obj endobj /P 456 0 R A clean latrine or toilet is also mandatory. /P 465 0 R << /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P repetition of work because of an error or image quality jobs that do not Work Supervision is calculated based on the value of the project (Construction Cost) that is equal to 4% to 7% of project value (The higher the percentage of project value calculation for the cost of supervision of the smaller) (Please calculate the cost of your project under the supervision of project value in the table below) /K 43 << /Pg 20 0 R >> << 5 [84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R The Dangote refinery will process a variety of light and medium grades of crude to produce Euro-V quality clean fuels including gasoline and diesel as well as jet fuel and polypropylene. Lekki, Lagos State, Nigeria. << /TT3 375 0 R 321 0 obj /P 471 0 R The port is expected to cost $2.7 billion to construct. /Metadata 2 0 R /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 207 0 obj << >> /Lang (EN-GB) << 101 0 obj /Last 7 0 R 196 0 obj mjd%-@ysqUc465 WDSeL|k|:SUJ%}[I3[;v~/@GK6|wc:m~}gN: ! q:SXtsr.Zbbs3,FfY>fD@,sgro^,kL}Yal]zjg8nrU>pa+|cWa|`o"k[f^_Ck^^7Y U+A5{qj;l/luhTQ'bV, }5k[fcG #QCU Q[(T|YYm /S /P 323 0 obj << 102 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R endobj /S /P /S /P endobj Fig 1.2 Map of Edo state . 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R endobj /K 37 << 22 0 obj << /S /P And whenever there is a change in the revision of which reached 30% of the initial draft design has been approved at the beginning of design work will be charged an additional fee in accordance with the changes that occur. /RoleMap 12 0 R /S /L Also, Repetitive reduction doesnt apply to external works, stage 3 fees (site supervision), or post-contract services of the project. /P 423 0 R >> 297 0 obj << /Lang (EN-US) >> /K 114 >> /S /P << /K 2 /S /P >> >> >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-US) << /Type /Page /K 116 /K 48 /Lang (EN-GB) The cost per area can be gotten from a QS or from your construction experience. 45 0 obj I. Its common for private clients and corporate organizations to negotiate professional fees but not government bodies. /P 10 0 R /P 453 0 R << /P 10 0 R /K 110 @*V1LPx} aJfHZp 4YoGGW@y`d,71DCJu;F /Lang (EN-GB) << /Lang (EN-US) /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /S /P /Pg 17 0 R /Pg 22 0 R /S /P All substructure is charged fully, while the superstructure is charged as below. endobj Copyright:Copyright is transferred to the author(s) when an article is accepted for publication. /Filter /FlateDecode >> /P 451 0 R 174 0 obj endobj /P 10 0 R >> >> /Lang (EN-GB) Your presentations are quite educative and I have gained a lot more. xref 73 0 obj /P 10 0 R /Pg 22 0 R /P 459 0 R /K 9 >> >> >> /Lang (EN-GB) >> 0000001916 00000 n /Pg 22 0 R 46 0 obj /P 466 0 R Centenary City is the largest and most expensive construction project in Nigeria. 192 0 obj >> /Pg 16 0 R >> When ETC changes in the course of the project, stages 1 & 2 of the architects fees can remain the same, but Stage 3 must be calculated with the TCS. endobj /Parent 9 0 R endobj /P 10 0 R << 234 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) >> << 289 0 R 290 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R null null 291 0 R null null /Contents 379 0 R /K 9 /Pg 24 0 R /S /P Estimating the amount of cost overruns at different stages of ongoing construction projects is important for project success. /Pg 14 0 R /S /P endobj /Lang (EN-GB) 9 [115 0 R 116 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R null null 312 0 R null null Lagos Badagry Expressway Expansion Project. * Manage the cost of construction projects from pre-contract to post-contract stages. /K 35 /Type /Page /S /P 225 0 obj endobj In that case what should the architect base his judgement on. /ColorSpace << You can also save cost unknowingly when you build the biggest possible size you can afford as it will cost less if done at the initial stage rather than as extension later on especially when you are sure of your capabilities. /P 10 0 R >> /S /P /C2_0 374 0 R /P 455 0 R << endobj /Pg 16 0 R endobj /K 1 /Lang (EN-GB) /K 111 /P 10 0 R The total amount of cost overruns for any construction project can be fully determined once the project is completed. /Lang (EN-GB) /Parent 4 0 R /Parent 3 0 R null null null 318 0 R null null null 319 0 R null null /Rotate 0 Next 10=50%. /XObject << >> << << >> /K 34 /P 10 0 R . >> >> endobj /S /P The entire projects had average cost overruns of 44.46%, with an average project completion of 52.4%, and within 91.4% of the average estimated time limit. /P 464 0 R << /StructParents 2 /Subtype /Link 10 0 obj /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) >> /Pg 20 0 R 109 0 obj 0000003362 00000 n << /Pg 20 0 R Keywords: Actual cost, cost overrun, estimated cost, Nigeria, building projects. /K 0 /P 460 0 R /S /P Everyday tasks include working with and supervising both cost and planning engineers to develop work breakdown structures, performance analysis and provide recommendations and be the direct line of contact to the client for day to day activities. /P 476 0 R /K 3 << /S /LBody /S /P << >> endobj /Lang (EN-GB) 2. /S /LBody /S /LBody >> /Lang (EN-GB) <> /P 441 0 R 1 [37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R] /S /P 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R /K 10 endobj /S /LBody 117 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /P 484 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /Pg 23 0 R endobj endobj >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 21 0 R endobj 193 0 obj 315 0 obj null 320 0 R null null null 321 0 R null null] >> /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /TT3 364 0 R /S /P << >> >> /P 417 0 R >> /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /Type /Page endobj >> Fixing issues around your home can make it more efficient and comfortablenot to mention increase its value. /Producer (Adobe PDF Library 11.0) /P 10 0 R << /K 15 /Pg 22 0 R << 232 0 obj >> trash dumps. The data were sourced from the archival records (drawings, bills of quantities, project progress reports, and specifications) on the issues relating to the costs and duration of building projects. /Lang (EN-US) /Pg 20 0 R endobj 12 0 obj /P 503 0 R /Lang (EN-US) >> 275 0 obj /Resources << The substructure isnt treated as repetitive work but the superstructure is. /Pg 20 0 R Perform inspection and examination of all work areas and all agencies that support the implementation of the work. endobj /P 10 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /P 10 0 R 80 0 obj 228 0 obj 10 [123 0 R null null 322 0 R null null null 323 0 R null null << endobj /Chart /Figure << /S /P << << 189 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R /K 9 /K 90 endobj /Strikeout /Span /Pg 20 0 R >> /K 20 /S /LBody 62 0 obj /Pg 21 0 R Acrobat PDFMaker 11 for Word 335 0 obj >> /Pg 20 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode /S /P >> /Type /Metadata << endobj /Rotate 0 /Parent 4 0 R /K 14 /S /P /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R March 7, 2018 229 0 obj /S /P 238 0 obj /K 104 >> endobj >> /Pg 20 0 R A builder should be concerned with monitoring and evaluating the construction project. >> /S /P /Pg 20 0 R endobj However, you can also learn; The template for professional fee calculation for all building consultants in construction projects is similar. /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 22 0 R /P 10 0 R /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << This is according to the Africa Construction trends 2019. ^(t(uwuP93Y@Iz|Ek=gh:Q\e_tEzjYb>]IWpb(('r5JG-s-LFe=5F6=&\c~T[FV=n8G~/T'{j c*koZ3sg1Qke3aBt5:xWxnu{+ 186 0 obj /K 22 44 0 obj 267 0 obj /P 462 0 R /Footnote /Note /K 92 33 0 obj 261 0 obj >> 3 [54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 292 0 obj /Pg 17 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Here are the largest construction projects in Nigeria and their value. 76 0 obj 135 0 obj null 324 0 R null null null 325 0 R null null null 326 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R << endobj >> It is not an absolute amount. Thank you for your detailed presentation. endobj /P 440 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R /S /P /K 5 /S /P /Pg 17 0 R << /TT0 363 0 R 2 [45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) /Count 1 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 457 0 R endobj /P 10 0 R /Tabs /S >> /Lang (EN-GB) /K 67 /S /P /K 66 Thank you. /TT2 361 0 R /Pg 21 0 R Ideally, every architect who negotiates should negotiate without going less than the total cost of the professional manpower needed, material costs such as printing, travel, utilities etc and profit margin. /Pg 21 0 R /Pg 19 0 R << /K 11 >> << 49 0 obj 300 0 obj /Pg 18 0 R /P 445 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << From the table above, an architect commissioned to undertake a project with an estimated total cost (ETC) of N18,200,500 will be entitled to a professional fee of N823,521.25. /K 19 /W 0 /S /P /ColorSpace << << /S /P /P 451 0 R << >> endobj >> The results revealed that the percentage of cost overruns ranged from a minimum of 5.56% with 90% project completion, and within 88% of the estimated time limit, to a maximum of 216.08% with merely 5% project completion, and within 8.3% of the estimated time limit. /K 21 endobj 274 0 obj 150 0 obj << >> /Lang (EN-GB) /K 13 >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Kids [14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R] /Pg 21 0 R 122 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) 213 0 obj >> /S /P 211 0 obj 106 0 obj endobj /Pg 14 0 R 314 0 obj * Negotiate and settle final accounts. endobj Who can stand for him, or recommend him to carry out your job? endobj 169 0 obj stream /P 10 0 R 57 0 obj /Pg 19 0 R 5 0 obj /Lang (EN-US) The Federal Lighter Terminal has 1670 meters and four berths operated by Intels. << >> "I probably come close to someone who marks up 1.67, but I know my exact costs," he says. /S /P 312 0 obj 68 0 obj << /Contents 373 0 R << 88 0 obj /TT4 375 0 R /S /LBody >> endobj >> << 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] << /F 0 endobj Construction was further delayed by the2019 Nigerian general election, when CCECC evacuated its Chinese employees as a precaution. << /Pg 24 0 R 256 0 obj << 337 0 obj >> /ModDate (D:20151028204217+03'00') 121 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R >> /StructParents 3 endobj endobj endobj /Pg 14 0 R /P 10 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 77 << /TT2 356 0 R /Length 3582 /S /P Overseeing the provision of time and construction costs. 0000002018 00000 n /K 10 /K 0 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 439 0 R /P 469 0 R /K 14 >> null 313 0 R null null null 314 0 R null null null 315 0 R <> /K 63 meet the requirement. }$p>7Prv"eB;lBn+JKzb;:r~1Zx S)Sp,|^(Q]Q=DB` @YMt2tI(hH\*[G >^FEfaS3k6y0Rx?rQ9 5=vb3&yH3{!4r:.4L- :$LT}2qw=>{nTc%tNq&e0XNfm;!}y#p0M:[peV;t$*IiF+ eQX /*q"LNDVJ*MFWy|M^v:V|NhgYS 7r6lZ^Kx8uuBBF^+Z>}?XMsN{;h45 ~s >> endobj /TT0 363 0 R /S /P These are the things you have to put to bare: 1. 35 0 R 36 0 R] << /TT3 359 0 R /Font << 209 0 obj /TT2 364 0 R endobj }m(hQseP2WNh9 tbM]e3<>8OVr7E9O5rvVNx&tO /eb; VfLtp6pvX /K 29 /Kids [19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R] << /Lang (EN-US) 285 0 obj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Resources << 254 0 obj /P 454 0 R /S /P - the other. << /Pg 21 0 R endobj The value I recommended was the average amount I derived from experience on institutional projects and used up till 2018. /K [421 0 R 422 0 R 423 0 R 424 0 R 425 0 R] /P 465 0 R /P 462 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << >> 195 0 obj >> endobj That even government who prepared the scale of fees often dont agree. >> /S /P The study therefore, recommends that building construction projects delivery decision makers should endeavour to implement the findings of research in order to encourage project execution success. /Pg 22 0 R endobj << /S /P /P 10 0 R /K 53 /Lang (EN-GB) << For small building projects, you can save the hassle of employing the project manager, by supervising your own project. 216 0 obj /S /P /P 10 0 R >> << 3. >Zg3c , >JJ`k9tD3J;me, !djaFaDzo#=/vX5@zU#{WY5{p,847*pCiTHq#iot6_%v>)J 126 0 obj Why not Choosing Vibrant Colors for Bali Architectural Floor Tiling? /TT4 361 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Had the lesson during professional practice class. I have 18+ years of experience in complex roles requiring cost management and estimation for international high profile projects high in value. << /K 17 How did you come about this cost per sqm for projects in Nigeria "In Nigeria, you can use a value of between N70,000 - N150,000 per square meter depending on the quality of construction (2018 . /Pg 20 0 R /P 10 0 R (2)The reputation of your contractor/professional (3)Earmark 20% of estimate for exigencies (4)Approve your building plan (5)Take proper documentation of any financial dealings (6)Go for quality not the cheapest (7)Consider seriously the safety of your workers on site /P 10 0 R /Pg 14 0 R The study revealed a significant relationship between the cost of rework and initial and final project cost of delivering commercial buildings, as an average of 3.53% impact on the initial. << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /Lang (EN-GB) /K 13 /Pg 20 0 R fat /Parent 8 0 R >> /Resources << endobj . >> /Pg 21 0 R <> 2015-10-28T20:42:17+03:00 /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /S /P 0000004087 00000 n /Rotate 0 81 0 obj /S /LBody /Tabs /S There are instances where architects work on repetitive buildings. << /S /P /P 451 0 R /TT2 356 0 R /K 29 /Lang (EN-GB) /Parent 9 0 R Lagos Ibadan Railway Modernisation Project. endobj << << While Adedeji(2010) observed that about sixty (60) per cent of the total housing . Copyright 2023 www.Imagebali.com All Right Reserved, Cost Calculation Area per m2 for Supervision, Renovating Your Commercial Property in Bali, Taking a Closer Look on Bali Property Market, Tips on Build Great Business in Bali through Real Estate, Best Money Making Method with Bali Real Estate, Researching the Best Bali Real Estate Prior to Purchasing, The Influence Of Heat On Metal Building Materials in Bali. /Pg 18 0 R /P 450 0 R /Kids [8 0 R 9 0 R] endobj endobj endobj /Pg 20 0 R /K [406 0 R 407 0 R] /Lang (EN-US) /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] There can never be a fixed Price for architectural supervision. Are they free from deterioration and loss of strength? /S /P /Lang (EN-US) /S /P /S /P endobj /S /P (2017) An investigation into cost overruns for ongoing building projects in Abuja, Nigeria. /Pg 20 0 R << K8\Bk4q/8Ql[gk_]GHi$q /i~$GFVpwbuSPY5?,j~6>I(I'GovHK5CC. endobj /S /P I was also told that the fee is negotiable. /Pg 20 0 R endobj >> /S /P /K 19 /Pg 16 0 R << >> /K 0 /Pg 17 0 R endobj /StructTreeRoot 5 0 R << >> >> endobj >> /S /P >> 299 0 obj << %PDF-1.5 >> The scale of fee is applied on a sliding scale. /P 460 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) I trust you are doing good too. Labour cost for mixing, pouring and consolidation of concrete = 170,000 Supervision cost = 50,000 Casting of ground floor slab = 1,633,300 Therefore, the tentative cost of raising the building from foundation to DPC is 5,193,935 without the contractor's profit and overhead. /P 10 0 R /Pg 22 0 R >> >> >> /K 23 /S /P >> /P 466 0 R /K 0 /S /P /Pg 19 0 R /P 471 0 R endobj A competent professional with 12 years of experience in supervision,estimation and planning of building structure, interior fit outs, road & infra structure works. Handed over residential project of 354 villas (Sipchem Home Ownership Program) including interior fit outs. Last experience was with industrial construction comprises of Project & maintenance for three units of total . << endobj To determine the effects of these trends as it affect the society To identify the causes of trends and how it . Make sure this person is actually capable and qualified for the job. << 27 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /P 388 0 R endobj endobj <> >> /Rotate 0 /K 32 /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Pg 18 0 R Set to cost $1.5 billion, the Lagos Ibadan Railway Modernisation Project is among the largest construction projects in Nigeria. /ExtGState << /K 58 >> /Company () << /Lang (EN-GB) 182 0 obj << /Pg 22 0 R endobj << /Pg 15 0 R /K 24 /Pg 20 0 R << >> :7|iBkKmRP>7/B*Vn/W /Pg 20 0 R /S /P It is a 650,000 barrels per day (bpd) integrated refinery and petrochemical project under construction in the Lekki Free Zone near Lagos, Nigeria. /Pg 20 0 R 75 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /TT3 356 0 R endobj /P 488 0 R /K 8 endobj 5 0 obj /P 463 0 R >> endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /Pg 23 0 R /K 78 251 0 obj endobj >> /Underline /Span >> /S /P /Pg 16 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /ParentTree 11 0 R 273 0 obj /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) >> <> Work Supervision is calculated based on the value of the project (Construction Cost) that is equal to 4% to 7% of project value (The higher the percentage of project value calculation for the cost of supervision of the smaller), (Please calculate the cost of your project under the supervision of project value in the table below). 142 0 obj 280 0 obj /Annots [341 0 R 342 0 R] /Pg 18 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) endobj << /P 460 0 R /S /P 71 0 obj endobj /P 425 0 R /PageLayout /OneColumn /Pg 23 0 R /P 464 0 R /S /L /Pg 14 0 R /K 0 But the decision maker is the owner. But make sure you don't stretch your budget to the limit. 146 0 obj /K 399 0 R /A 512 0 R Using an artisan (bricklayer, carpenter, welder etc) to do the job of a professional like Architect, Structural Engineer or quantity surveyor is not advisable on your site. /K 7 /Pg 16 0 R He should be able to apply the different monitoring techniques to achieve the objectives. /A 392 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 6 /Contents 378 0 R iii) In building projects, time frame is part of what is put into when embarking on a project. /K 4 endobj endobj << /Pg 24 0 R /S /P /P 443 0 R /Lang (EN-US) 307 0 obj /S /P 156 0 obj >> endobj >> /TT6 362 0 R BuyLetLive is the Real Estate Company You Need! endobj /F11 366 0 R /P 465 0 R Nigeria holds the largest number of projects in West Africa with 21 projects (28%), valued at US$54.2bn (67.1% in US dollar value terms). >> /P 10 0 R /S /P /Lang (EN-US) /K 6 << << endobj /Pg 20 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R A ground-breaking ceremony finally took place on 7 March 2017, and the railway was scheduled for completion in December 2018. /Length 743 << << /P 10 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R endobj /S /LBody endobj /Pg 17 0 R /P 10 0 R 3 0 obj << /S /P M. Theodorakopoulos, C. Pasquire and P. Fitsilis, (2009), Investigating a new integrated cost management system within lean project delivery, Conference proceeding, COBRA 2009: RICS construction . endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /ColorSpace << /S /P << /S /P /Pg 23 0 R >> endobj /Pg 22 0 R 0000010996 00000 n /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 14 0 R There is so much misunderstanding about how to calculate the professional fees of architects and engineers in the building industry. 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R 158 0 R 159 0 R 160 0 R 161 0 R /S /GoTo >> /Parent 8 0 R The Service is limited to the supervision of the endobj /P 10 0 R 333 0 obj 118 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 19 0 R << /K 70 /K 73 /Lang (EN-US) >> /Parent 8 0 R endobj Publishing rights:When an author/s publish an article inActa Structilia, the author/s enter into a non-exclusive publishing agreement. /Pg 24 0 R /P 468 0 R << 128 0 obj endobj /K 106 /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P endobj <> endobj endobj /Font << endobj 25 0 obj /S /P 58 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 33 /S /P /S /P 242 0 R 243 0 R 244 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 247 0 R 248 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 205 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 82 endobj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 95 /K 4 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 459 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> >> endobj /S /P /Pg 20 0 R endobj >> /P 494 0 R /Pg 21 0 R /P 450 0 R /P 464 0 R endobj Nevertheless, the proportion of the above total fee payable to the architect is determined by the amount of work done. << 173 0 obj /InlineShape /Figure 164 0 obj /S /P 223 0 obj 208 0 obj >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /P 457 0 R >> /Resources << 114 0 obj >> /S /P /P 420 0 R 54 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) endobj stream /P 471 0 R /K 8 endobj 279 0 obj /P 510 0 R /Pg 20 0 R << /S /P /Type /StructTreeRoot

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cost of supervising a building project in nigeria