By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria By Professor Sakah Saidu Mahmud Kwara State University, Malete 1. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria. It is on this footing, herewith, that one can properly understand the rational for, and theory of federalism, what and why certain trends theme up federal-state relations in Nigeria, and the features of federal-state relations in Nigeria. Each document posted on the site includes a link to the corresponding official PDF file on govinfo.gov. 3 Reasons for federal system of government in Nigeria 3.1 1. Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. ff>qsfN? Excellent, thanks a lot f There are three major tribes in Nigeria namely Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. Bashar Abubakar Bukkuyum This is good 'nd thank you Blogger. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. %PDF-1.5 This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. Nigeria thus consists of various ethnic groups and sub-national states, all of which are at the mercy of the Central government. For citation see: http://www.cejiss.org/issue-detail/biafra-s-resurgence-state-failure-insecurity-and-separatist-agitations-in-nigeria. Everybody would likely agree that the conscious awareness and awakening of the course of who is who invariably determines who gets what, perhaps when and how. Mere desire to unite is not enough but there must be the desire to remain separate in respect to other matters. << /Subtype /Image Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. a system of state organization, to bring a workable polity with a just moral order is the reason why states adopt or should adopt federalism. As one of the most effective frameworks for governing a pluralistic society, Nigeria adopted Federalism to manage her multi-ethnic state. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. Federal System of Government/Federalism | Week 8. @VF:8=|@5&/1df gbjtCoy(L5A,JCI1/'5DT8`A!UY*&wTN5[v;KXvH* 5:>}W^Bp_ ;R!&L %s\q'(], The paper contends that unitary federalism in Nigeria is an imposition and extension of colonial and military entrenched inequalities in the Nigerian state. 33 The Marriage Act, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990, sec 18 specifically stipulates: "If either party to an intended marriage, not being a Consent widower or widow, is under twenty-one years of age, the written consent of the father, or if he be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the mother, or if both be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the . No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. Defence, Security, Economy and Development, Chigozirim Odinkalu, Ebenebe Ernest Onyeka, Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies (eJECS), International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS), Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. Insecurity and the desire for union are the main reasons for the shift from unitary system of government to federal system of government in 1954. This paper consequently argues that the anxiety as well as angst attributable to this agitation has the tendencies of not only disrupting the relative-peace presently enjoyed by the various groups, but is also, if not controlled, capable of plunging the country into a state of economic comatose and perpetual fragility. Between 1960 and 1996, the three regions have been divided into smaller entities which are now known as states and their boundaries were reorganised. >> Since a strong bond links the process through which constitutions are produced and their degree of acceptance and effectiveness, questions over the Constitutions legitimacy prompted parliament to amend it in 2010. Minority Issues and the Creation of State | Week 10. However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. /F4 15 0 R Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Nigerian Chapter), Abstract: The Nigeria civil war (1967-1970) provoked by declaration of Biafra republic had indelible imprint on Nigeria state. This has led to a deep sense of alienation and politics of ethnic identity. stream Besides the Big Three Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, there are other macro and micro ethnic minorities in the country. It also shows the growth rate as an engine to the development of economies of developing countries like Nigeria in this 21p century. It should be noted, however, that the Leagues significantly differ from modern federations in one respect: namely, while the various governments freely interacted, no prosperous direct contact between the populace of the various governments was permitted. 3. ideology, federalism becomes the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the. SjHw`d"*z;3N&W3k]:}N\t+5 (Nw3hW"T"aDV$V e. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. It advocates good governance and a participatory approach to constitutional review as the foundations for strong constitutionalism in Nigeria. Moreover, it is important to note that most of the ethnic groups in Nigeria had strong political inter-group relationship before colonial rule. The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. 2. I love this article,very educating and interesting In order to examine these issues, this paper adopted qualitative research and intrinsic approach methodology, along with relative deprivation theory. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. Federalism in India. /F5 18 0 R The paper begins by placing the question in an historical context examines its different phases and characters. From the onset, Nigeria, like most of her federating peers, has faced one major challenge in the course of her political voyage - the crisis of who is who. Ordinarily and without much logicality, by who is who, one means the problematic and destructive component of identity. This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Government at different periods had set up commissions to advise on the acceptable revenue sharing formula, especially as it affects the three (3) tiers of government. /F7 24 0 R Nigeria. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. Your email address will not be published. Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. % 2) The Problem of Minorities: In Nigeria, there are majority groups and minority groups. Send the Following Details on WhatsApp ( 08143831497) After Payment. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. Reasons for a state to adopt a federal system include the need to reflect linguistic, economic and cultural differences of a population, especially one that is concentrated geographically. Population of the country REVENUE ALLOCATION IN NIGERIA: NEED FOR REFORM? More so, the colonial masters with the Richards Constitution in 1947 launched Nigeria onto the path of the present federal system of government via the regionalization of the country. Very often, the problem has appeared in twofold. 3 0 obj Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ This understanding is also in tune with that of Jinadu (1979:15), who insists that Federalism is usually viewed as a form of governmental and institutional structure, deliberately designed by political architects, to cope with the twin but difficult task of maintaining unity while also preserving diversity. It is no news, therefore, that the peoples of Nigeria are diverse in different respects culturally, historically, socially, religiously, educationally, industriously, and even philosophically. By every political barometer, this is a thought-provoking account of the Nigeria-Biafra political imbroglio. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. Under this type, there exist a balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and its diversities which progress to a state. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. The first military head of state, General J.T.U Aguiyi Ironsi for instance was interested in a unitary Nigeria and he scrapped federalism. Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. The states were later increased to 30 states. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. You are welcome dear reader. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. Required fields are marked *. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? 3l:rmO"XDhG%2| You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Since federal systems have been formed for different reasons and to Also, Read: Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance.
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